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[Silence Sound]

ان شاء الله هنحاول نجمع اهم حاجات لأمتحان عملى البارا
و دا نظام الامتحان

Objective Structured Practical Exam

Total Marks 30
Divided as follows :

10 specimens:  Slides, jar &/or box (20 marks)
Identification only (2 marks each)
Time allowed to identify each specimen is one minute

5 specimens:  Slides, jar &/or box  (10 marks)
- Identification (1 mark each)
- Mention 2 main characteristic features (1 mark each)
Time allowed to identify each specimen is one minute
Time allowed to write 2 characteristics is another minute

و نبدأ بقى بأول حاجه معانا و هى
الجارات

n.b :
اى جمله مسبوقه ب
astrix *
تبقى هى ال
characteristic of the jar or slide



و هنلاقى فيها
tissue or parasite

if we find yellow or brown tissue >>> liver

liver jars are : - fasciola
so comment " jar containing a piece of liver showing fasciola worms protruding from bile ducts"
* Adult Fasciola in bile ducts




or





- hydatid cyst
comment "  jar containing liver with hydatid cysts "
* cysts of different sizes in liver tissue
* fibrous tissue lining the cavities




or
* solitary cyst in liver tissue








if tissue is grey >>>> LUNG

jar containing lung is : hydatid cyst
so comment  " hydatid cysts in lung "
* multiple cysts
* lung tissue is consolidated



or

* solitary cyst
* lung tissue is consolidated






if tissue was muscle >>> heart

jar contains heart is : - cysticercous bovis
so comment " cysticercous bovis in heart muscle "




or
* piece of heart muscle
* cysticercous bovis appear as oval body ( 1*0.5 cm in size )




or
* slice of heart muscle
* cysticercous bovis appear as oval body ( 1*0.5 cm in size )







if tissue was skin

so comment " elephantiasis of the skin "
* thick , wrinkled , fissured skin







if tissue was large intestine >>>> caecum  " irregular folds "

so comment is " adult trichuris trichiura attached to mucosa of caecum "
* worms are whip like
* thin portion of worms embedded in mucosa while thick portion hanging in the lumen








thanks to dr. flying eagle
لأن الصور دى من توبيك كان عمله قبل كدا

[Silence Sound]

jars containing parasites



ascaris :
2 jars either
" adult ascaris lumbricoides in jar "
و هيكون عددهم كبير

* long worms
* creamy white in colour





او جار فيه واحده بس عشان كدا لازم نقول النوع
و ساعتها الكومنت هيكون
" adult male or female ascaris lumbricoides "
طبعا على حسب نوع الدوده اللى عندنا








ancylostoma duodenale
و دا مميز اوى عشان هيبقى جارين صغيرين محطوطين فى حامل خشب
و دا الكومنت
" Ancylostoma worms in bottles "
or
" male & female Ancylostoma duodenale "








Fasciola
جار جواه سلايد عليه الدوده
لو طويله يوبقى
" jar containing fasciola gigantica worms "




و لو قصيره يوبقى
" jar containing fasciola hepatica worms "







Taenia
جار جواه دوده طويييييييييييييييييييله و مفلطحه و ملفوفه لفات كتير كدا
& segmented
يوبقى
" jar containing Taenia worms "

* long , flattened & segmented worm













Hydatid cyst
كوره لوحدها فى الجار
ممكن تكون كبيره ، صغيره ، غامقه او فاتحه
كل دا هنكومنت عليه
" jar containing solitary hydatid cyst "

* spherical cyst surrounded by fibrous layer

[Silence Sound]

SNAILS BOXES


we have 4 boxes containing 4 snails

1: Pirenella conica snail
" the 1st intermadiate host of H. heterophys "
و دا اسهل قوقعه عندنا ليه ??
عشان فيه الخصائص دى
* long spire
* coarse tubercles
* right sided opening





2: Biomphalaria alexandrina snail
و دا قوقع سهل برضو
as it : * is  button like
   * has left sided opening





3: Bulinus truncatus snail :
* left sided opening
* blunt apex " top is smooth not pointed "






4 : Lymnaea cailliaudi snail :
* large right sided opening
* pointed apex

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Flies boxes


also 4 flies in 4 boxes


1: adult  Lucilia
* has bright green metallic colour
* body formed of head , thorax & abdomen






2: Adult Musca domestica
* grayish in colour
* its abdomen has median dark band
* body formed of head , thorax & abdomen

3: adult Sarcophaga
* thorax has 3 longitudinal stripes
* abdomen is chessboard like
* body formed of head , thorax & abdomen






4: adult Wohlfahrtia
* abdomen show dark spots
* body formed of head , thorax & abdomen






بكدا نكون خلصنا كل الجارات و البوكسز اللى ممكن تجيلنا فى الامتحان
تابعونا فى البوست الجاى و هنبدأ مع بعض السلايدز
**********
و بنشكر
dr.flying eagle
لأن اغلب الصور دى من توبيك كان عمله قبل كدا

[Silence Sound]

protozoa slides




Entamoeba histolytica cyst
* spherical in shape
* has hyaline " refractile "  non-staining cyst wall
* contain 4 nuclei
" can be seen at different planes of microscopic fine adjustment "
يعنى المفروض اننا نحرك الفاين لفوق و تحت عشان نشوف كل ال
nuclei




Balantidium coli cust
* rounded cyst
* has thick cyst wall
* organism inside cyst wall , has large kidney shaped macronucleus & micronucleus


هنشوف سيست وال تخين جواه اورجانيزم فاصل بينهم حته فاضيه

[Silence Sound]

Giardia lamblia trophozoite

* pear shaped trophozoite

* has 2 sucking disks anteriorly

* has 2 axostyles traversing the body longitudinally

* has 2 oval nuclei with central karyosomes

* has 4 pairs of flagella

السلايد دى وش البومه

ممكن تيجى كل حاجه فيها واضحه زى هنا

او اننا نشوف جواها عينين البومه بس

او نشوف شكل كمترى فيها خط فى النص اللى هو

axostyle

Giardia lamblia cyst

* oval cyst with well defined cyst wall

* has 4 nuclei & axostyle

Leishmania amastigotes

* small & oval bodies
* contain nucleus & rod-shaped kinetoplast

[Silence Sound]

نيجى بقى لسلايدز

protozoa

هنلاقى معاها

RBCs

و فى الحاله دى اما هندور بين ال

RBCs

او ندور جواها نفسها

تمام

*

*

*

السلايدز اللى هندور على الاورجانيزم فيها بين ال
RBCs

هى

1: polymorphic trypanosomes in blood

*  spindle shaped organisms

* has a central nucleus

* has flagellum & small kinetoplast

2 : trypanosoma cruzi in blood

* C or U shaped organism

* has free flagellum ,

deeply stained central nucleus &

large kinetoplast " big dot "

اما بقى السلايدزاللى هندور فيها على الاورجانيزم جوا ال

RBCs

هى

1 : plasmodium falciparum ring stage

* the organism fill 1/6 of RBC size

* organism has 1 or 2 chromatin dots

2: plasmodium falciparum gametocyte stage

* crecent or banana shaped or sausage shaped

* have central nucleus

* surrounded by remnant of infected blood cell

و دى صوره بتوضح ال
remnant of infected RBC

[Silence Sound]

اخر حاجه بقى فى ال
PROTOZOA

1: toxoplasma gondii trophozoite
شكله هلال او قص الاظافر

* crescentic in shape
* central nucleus
* one end is pointed & the other is rounded










2 : cryptosporidium parvum oocyst " MZN stain "
* spherical
* stained with MZN syain

سلايد هديه عشان طبعا ال
stain

****************
كدا الحمد لله خلصنا ال
protozoa

[Silence Sound]

Trematoda Slides





adult fasciola gigantica " D.M microscope "
* large leaf like flattened worm
* it has parallel margines






adult fasciola hepatica worm " D.M microscope "
* small leaf like flattened worm
* it has converging margines with prominent shoulders







Eggs pf fasciola
* large ,oval ,operculated ,thin shelled & yellowish brown eggs







cercaria of fasciola
* leptocercous cercaria ' has simple tail '
* its body has 2 suckers








adult H.heterophyes
* pear shaped worm
* its uterus filled with small eggs







H.heterophyes eggs
* small ,oval ,operculated ,thick selled ,yellowish brown egg







section of small intestine infected with H.heterophyes
* worms are embedded between intestinal villi







female schistosoma haematobium
* long and slender
* ovary is posreriorly situated
* vitelline glands extend behind ovary till posterior end






Eggs of S.haematobium
* large , oval , translucent eggs
* have terminal spine







ant. end of male S. mansoni showing testes in cluster
* has 6-9 oval testes in cluster

* has oral & ventral suckers







female schistosoma mansoni
* long & slender
* ovary located anteriorly
* vitelline glands occupy post. 2/3 of the worm






Eggs of schistosoma Mansoni
* large ,oval ,translucent eggs
* have lateral spine






cercaria of schistosoma
* furcocercous cercaria
* formed of body & tail
* has 2 suckers & penetration glands

[Silence Sound]

cystoda





mature segment of Diphyllobothrium latum
* broader than long
* has rosset shaped uterus










Diphyllobothrium latum egg
* oval , operculated , thick shelled
* yellowish brown
* content : immature ovum

taenia solium scolex

* globular , has 4 cup-shaped suckers

* rostellum has 2 circles of hooks

taenia saginata scolex

* globular with 4 cup-shaped suckers

* no rostellum or hooks

mature segment of taenia species

* body is squarish

* bilobed ovary

* numerous testes

* straight uterus

taenia saginata gravid segment

* body is longer than broad

* uterus with lateral branches on each side 15-30

Eggs of taenia

* spherical with radially striated shell

* yellowish brown

cysticercous cellulosae

* oval cyst with invaginated scolex

* scolex has 4 suckers & circle of hooks

adult Echinococcus granulosus worm

* small segmented worm

* formed of scolex & 3 segments " immature, mature, & gravid segment "

* scolex is globular, has 4 suckers & hooks

Hydatid sand

* contain :

- scolices with 4 suckers & hooks

- daughter cysts & brood capsules

hydatid cyst in lung

* lung tissue

* contain scolices, daughter cysts & broad capsule " hydatid sand "

سلايد سهله جدا لأنها السلايد الوحيده اللى عليها

tissue on dissecting microscope

و هتلاقوا من برا مخططه يعنى حته نسيج و بعدها حته فاضيه و هكذا

و اى سلايد تانيه عليها

tissue

هتكون على ال

compound microscope

Hymenolepis nana
كلها عالسلايد
* small segmanted worm
* small scolex has 4 suckers & rostellum with one circle of hooks
* body " strobeila " consist of large number of segments